140  Staatsverfaffungen  und  Staatsgewalten  in  internationaler  Hinsicht.

Dagegen  verordnet  die  gegenwärtige  Verfafsung:

Art.  1,  Sect.  8.  The  Congress  sball  have  power  —  —  To  regulate  conmerce
  with  foreign  Nations  and  among  the  several  States,  and  with  the  Indian
  tribes  —  —  To  define  and  punish  piracies  and  felonies  committed  ou
high  Seas,  and  offences  against  the  Law  of  Nations;  to  declare  War,  grant
letters  of  marque  and  reprisal,  and  make  rules  concerning  captures  on
land  and  water;  to  raise  and  support  armies,  but  no  appropiation  of  money
to  that  use  shall  be  for  a  longer  term  than  two  Fears;  to  provide  and  maintain
  a  navy;  to  make  rules  for  the  Government  and  Regulation  of  the  land
and  naval  forces;  to  provide  for  calling  forth  the  Militia  to  execute  the  Law#
of  the  Union,  suppress  insurrections  and  repel  invasions.

Art.  1,  Sect.  10.  No  State  shall  enter  into  any  treaty,  alliance,  or  confederation;
  grant  letters  of  marque  and  reprisal.  —  —  No  State  shall,  withont
the  consent  of  Congress,  lay  any  duty  of  tonnage,  keep  troops,  or  ahips  of
war  in  time  of  peasce,  enter  into  any  agreement  of  compact  with  anotber
State,  or  with  s  foreign  power,  or  engage  in  war;  unless  actually  invaded,
or  in  such  imminent  danger  as  will  not  admit  of  delay.

Art.  2,  Sect.  1.  The  executive  Power  shall  be  vested  in  a  President  of
the  United  States  of  America.  —  —  Sect.  2.  The  President  shall  be  Commander
  in  Chief  of  the  army  and  navy  of  the  United  States,  and  of  the  mllitia
  of  the  several  States,  when  called  into  the  actnal  service  of  the  United
States.  —  —  Hie  shall  have  Power,  by  and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of
the  Senate,  to  make  treaties,  provided  two  thirds  of  the  Sepators  present
concur;  and  be  sball  nominate,  and  by  and  with  tbe  advice  and  Consent  ot
the  Senate,  sball  appoint  ambassadors,  other  public  ministers  and  consuls.
—  —  Sect.  3.  He  shall  from  time  to  time  give  to  the  Congress  information
of  the  State  of  tbe  Union,  and  recommend  tho  their  consideration  such  mensures
  as  he  shall  judge  necessary  and  expedient;  he  may,  on  ertraordinary
occasions,  convene  both  Houses,  or  either  of  them,  and  in  Case  of  disagreement
  between  them,  vith  respect  to  the  time  of  adjournment,  he  may  adjourn
  them  to  such  time  as  he  shall  think  proper;  he  sball  receive  ambassadors
  and  other  public  ministers;  he  shall  take  care  that  the  laws  be  faithfolly
  executed,  and  shall  commission  all  the  Officers  of  the  United  States.

„)  Calvo  I,  S.  173  verweist  auf:  Alberdi,  Organisacion  de  la  Confederacion
  Argentina  2  vol.  Besancon  1858.  —  Dareste,  Constitutions  II.  527
giebt  den  vollen  Text  und  citirt  außerdem:  Saldias,  Ensayo  sobre  la  bistoria
de  la  Constitucion  Argentina  Buenos  Ayres  1878.

4)  Siehe  den  Französischen  Text  neuerdings  auch  bei  Dareste,  Constitutions
modernes  I,  441.  Entscheidend  sind  die  Artikel  2,  3,  7,  8,  9,  10.

Art.  2.  La  Confédeèration  a  pour  but  d’assurer  lindépendance  de  la  patrie
  contre  Pétranger,  de  maintenir  la  tranquillite  et  les  droits  des  Confédérés
et  d’accroftre  leur  prospérité  commune.

Art.  8  Les  Cantons  sont  souverains  en  tant  que  leur  souverasinete  Mest
pas  limitée  par  la  Constitution  fédérale,  et  comme  tels,  ils  exercent  tous  les
droits  qui  ne  sont  pas  deleguès  au  pouvoir  föderal.

Art.  7.  Toute  alliance  particulière  et  tont  traite  d’'une  nature  politique
entre  Cantons  sont  interdits.  —  En  revanche,  les  Cantons  ont  le  droit  de  con-