I.  Europa.  626  35.  Großbritannien  und  Irland.

(c)  A  British  colony  may  legislate  on  the  subject  of  naturalization  within  its  own  limits!.

(d)  Status  of  Aliens®.  Property  may  be  held  by  an  alien  in  the  same  manner  as  by  a  naturalborn
  British  subject,  but  the  title  to  such  property  does  not  confer  any  right  on  an  alien  to  hold
real  property  out  of  the  United  Kingdom,  or  qualify  him  for  any  franchise.

Aliens  are  not  entitled  to  be  tried  by  a  jury  de  meditatae  linguae,  but  are  triable  in  the
same  manner  as  if  they  were  natural-born  subjects.

(e)  Undesirable  Aliens.  An  undesirable  alien  —  e.  g.,  one  who  is  without  means,  or  who
is  a  lunatic,  or  an  idiot,  or  who  has  been  guilty  in  another  country  of  an  extraditable  offence  —
may  be  prevented  from  landing  in  the  United  Kingdo  .  An  alien  may  also  be  expelled  from
this  country  if  he  prove  to  be  “undesirable’”  within  the  meaning  of  the  Aliens  act,  1905”.

Judicature.

We  have  seen  that  the  King  is  ‘over  all  persons  in  all  causes,  as  well  ecclesiastical  as  civil,
within  his  dominionse  supreme;  that  he  is  the  ‘fountain  of  justice’.

The  present  constitutio  n  of  the  British  Law  Courte  is  founded  mainly  in  the  Judicature
Act  of  1875,  the  Amending  Act  of  the  same  year,  the  Appelate  Jurisdiction  Act  1878,  the  Judicature
  Act  of  1881,  and  finally  the  Criminal  Appeal  Act,  1907.

The  highest  law  officer  of  the  Crown  is  the  Lord  High  Chancellor?,  who  is  also  Speaker
of  the  House  of  the  Lords.  Scotland  has  a  Lord  Advocate,  and  Ireland  a  Lord  Chancellor  as
highest  law  officers,  but  these  are  subject  to  a  certain  extent  to  tlıe  Lord  High  Chancellor.

The  highest  Appellate  Tribunals  of  Great  Britain  are:

(I)  The  House  of  Lords“.

The  Lord  High  Chancellor  (£  10,000)

4  Lords  of  Appeal  in  Ordinary®  (each  £  6000)

And  such  Peers  of  Parliament  as  are  holding,  or  have  held,  high  judicial  office.
(I)  The  JudicielCommittee  of  the  Privy  Council®
Composed  of:

Members  of  the  Privy  Council  qualified  under  3  and  4  Wm.  IV.  cap.  41;  3  and  4  Vict.  cap.  86;
39  and  40  Vict.  Cap.  59;  50  and  51  Vict.  cap.  70;  and  58  and  59  Vict.  cap.  44.  The  members  are:

The  Lord  Chancellor

The  Lords  of  Appeal  in  Ordinary

Members  of  the  Privy  Council?  who  have  held  high  judicial  offices.

The  Judicature  Acts  of  1875  (37  and  38  Vict.,  cap.  66)  provide  that  all  the  superior  courts
are  to  be  known  as  the  The  Supreme  Court  of  Judicature.  This  consists  of  (a)  The  Court  of  Appeal,
(b)  The  High  Court  of  Justice.

ı  Vide  F.T.  Piggot:  The  Imperial  Statutes  applicable  to  the  Colonies,  vols.  I  and  II.
Hort  Louis  Mauritius,  1902  and  “The  Laws  of  England‘  by  the  Earl  of  Halsbury,  vol.  I,  Titie
“Aliens”.
Lond  deHonriques  on  the  Aliens  Act,  Lond.  1906,  and  SibleyandElias’s  Aliens  Act,
ond.  .

-  ®  The  other  Great  law  officers  of  the  Crown  are:  The  Attorney  -  General
(salary  £  7000;  fees,  circa  £  6000)  and  the  Solicitor  -  General  (salary  £  6000,  fecs,  circa
£  4000),  in  Scotland  the  Lord  Advocate  (£  5000),  and  the  Solicitor-Generla  (£  2000);
in  Ireland  the  Lord  Chancellor  (£  8000),  the  Attorney  -  General  (£  5000),  and  the  Solicitor-General
  (£  2000).

*  The  jurisdiction  of  the  House  of  Lords  in  its  present  form  was  established  by  the  Appellate
  Jurisdiction  Act  1876.

5  They  are  Life  Peers.

®  Constituted  in  1833,  3  and  4  Will.  IV,  c.  41.  Though  one  of  tlıe  two  final  appelate  courts
of  the  Britsh  Empire,  Canada  and  Australia  have  their  own  final  appeal  courts.

?  Members  of  the  P.  C.  are  ex  officio  Justices  of  the  Peace,