III.  Afrika.  936  151.  Or.-  Riv.-Col.

Französisch  West-Afrika  (Mauretanien),  unter  einem  Generalgouverneur,  mit  eigenem  Budget;
(Senegal,  Guines,  Ivoryküste,  Dahomey,  Obersenegal,  Niger).  —  Tunis,  unter  einem  Bey,  steht
seit  dem  Vertrage  von  Kasr-es-Said  vom  12.  Mai  1881,  bestätigt  unterm  8.  Juni  1883,  unter
französischer  Protektorate;  an  der  Spitze  der  Verwaltung  steht  ein  französischer  Ministerresident,
  der  gleichzeitig  Minister  des  Auswärtigen  ist;  ihm  zur  Seite  ein  Ministerium  (7  Franzosen,
  2  Tuncsen).

148.  Großbritannische  Gebiete.  Von  den  im  Folgenden  besonders  genannten  Kolonien
(unter  Nr.  149—152)  abgesehen,  hat  Großbritannien  in  Afrika  folgende  Kolonien  bzw.  Protektorate:
  Ascension,  Basutoland,  Betschuanaland,  Ostafrika,  Uganda,  Sansibar  (als  Protektorat
unter  einem  Seyyid,  den  ein  britischer  Premierminister  zur  Seite  steht),  Mauritius,  Nyassaland,
Rhodesia,  St.  Helena,  Seychellen,  Somaliland,  Westafrika  (Nigerien,  Goldküste,  Sierra  Leone,
Gambien).  —  Ein  südafrikanischer  Kolonialbund  soll  aus  den  Kolonien  Transvaal,  Oranje,  Natal
und  Kap  begründet  werden;  der  Entwurf  einer  Bundesverfassung  ist  von  den  Kolonialparlamenten
  genehmigt  worden  (Anfang  1909)  und  dürfte  iin  Laufe  des  Jahres  1909  veröffentlicht
werden.

149.  Kapkolonie  (Cape  of  Good  Hope).  At  the  Cieneral  Peace  of  1814  the  Cape  of  Good
Hopo  was  fornally  ceded  in  perpetuity  of  the  British  Crown  after  having  been  forcibly  captured
from  the  Dutch  in  1806.  From  this  date  to  1535  tho  new  colony  was  administered  by  a  Governor,
and  some  Executive  Officers.  In  1835  an  Executive  Council  and  a  Legislative  Council  wero
established.  By  Letters  Patent,  23rd  May,  1850  both  Governor  and  Council  were  granted
power  to  enact  Ordinances  for  establishing  a  Representative  Government;  and  in  1853  the
Cape  Colony  received  this  form  of  government.  In  1872  (9th  Aug.)  the  Colony  became  a  Self-Governing
  Colony.  The  first  Ministry  under  Responsible  Governnient  was  formed  in  November,
1872.  (From  Colonial  Office  List.)  Louis  Hamliton.

150.  Natal.  In  1843  Natal  was  proclaimed  by  the  Governor  of  the  Cape  to  be  a  British
Colony.  In  May,  1844,  Letters  Patent  were  issued,  constituting  the  distriet  a  part  of  the  Cape
Colony.  Ordinances  were  passed  by  the  Cape  Legislature  establishing  Roman-Dutch  law,  and
providing  for  the  adıninistration  of  justice.  In  April,  1845,  other  Letters  Patent  were  passed
making  Natal  a  separate  Governinent.  A  Lieutenant  -  Governor  was  appointed,  and  an
Executive  Council  created.  The  Licutenant-Governor  was  subordinate  to  the  Governor  of
the  Cape,  and  the  Legislative  Council  of  the  Cape  continued  to  frame  laws  for  Natal  till  1847,
when  a  separate  Legislative  Council  was  established.  In  1856  Natal  was  erccted  into  a  distinct
and  separate  Colony,  its  affairs  being  administered  under  the  Royal  Charter  of  the  15th  July
of  that  year,  by  a  Governor,  assisted  by  an  Executive  and  a  Legislative  Council.  The  law  establishing
  responsible  government  received  the  Royal  assent  on  the  26  June,  1893,  and  on  the
10th  Oct.,  1893  tho  first  Ministry  was  formed.  (From  Colonial  Office  List.)  Louis  Hamilton.

151.  Orange  River  Colony  Constitution,  1907.

Von  Herrn  Louis  HAMILTON,  Lektor  am  Orientalischen  Seminar  der
Königlichen  Universität  zu  Berlin.

Lord  Roberts  proclaimed  the  annexation  of  this  country  to  the  British  dominions  on  the
28th  of  May,  1900,  the  new  colony  receiving  its  name  as  above,  and  Lord  Roberts  being  appointed
  administrator.  Sir  Alfred  Milner  succeeded  to  the  Administration  on  the  departure  of
Lord  Roberts  from  S.  Africa  at  the  end  of  tlıe  year  1900  and  was  afterwards  selected  for  appointment
  as  Governor  both  of  the  Transvaal  and  of  the  Orange  River  Colony.  By  Letters  Patent