.  V.  Australien.  1407  251.  Australia.

(I.)  Shall  be  appointed  by  the  Governor-General  in  council.

(II.)  Shall  not  be  removed  except  by  the  Governor-General  in  Council,  on  an
address  from  both  Houses  of  the  Parliament  in  the  same  session,  praying  for  such
removal  on  the  ground  of  proved  misbehaviour  or  incapacity.

(III.)  Shall  receive  such  remuneration  as  the  Parliament  may  fix;  but  the
remuneration  shall  not  be  diminished  during  their  continuance  in  office.

73.  The  High  Court  shall  have  jurisdiction,  with  such  exceptions  and  subject
to  such  regulations  as  the  Parliament  prescribes,  to  hear  and  determine  appeals  from
all  judgments,  decrees,  orders,  and  sentences—

(I.)  Of  any  Justice  or  Justices  exercising  the  original  jurisdiction  of  the  High
Court;

(II.)  Of  any  other  federal  court,  or  court  exercising  federal  jurisdiction;  or
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  any  State,  or  of  any  other  court  of  any  State  from  which
at  the  establishment  of  the  Commonwealth  an  appeal  lies  to  the  Queen  in  Council;

(ILI.)  Of  the  Inter-State  Commission,  but  as  to  questions  of  law  only;
and  the  judgment  of  the  High  Court  in  all  such  cases  shall  be  final  and  conclusive.

But  no  exception  or  regulation  prescribed  by  the  parliament  shall  prevent  the
High  Court  from  hearing  and  determining  any  appeal  from  the  Supreme  Court
of  a  State  in  any  matter  in  which  at  the  establishment  of  the  Commönwealth  an
appeal  lies  from  such  Supreme  Court  to  the  Queen  in  Council.
|  Until  the  Parliament  otherwise  provides,  the  conditions  of  and  restrictions
on  appeals  to  the  Queen  in  Council  from  the  Supreme  Courts  of  the  several  States
-  shall  be  applicable  to  appeals  from  them  to  the  High  Court.

74.  No  appeal  shall  be  permitted  to  the  Queen  in  Council  from  a  decision  öf
the  High  Court  upon  any  question,  howsoever  arising,  as  to  the  limits  inter  se  of
the  Constitutional  powers  of  the  Commonwealth  and  those  of  any  State  or  States,
or  ag  to  the  limits  inter  se  of  the  Constitutional  powers  of  any  two  or  more  States,
unless  the  High  Court  shall  certify  that  the  question  is  one  which  ought  to  be  determined
  by  Her  Majesty  in  Council.

The  High  Court  may  so  certify  if  satisfied  that  for  any  special  reason  the  certificate
  should  be  granted,  and  thereupon  an  appeal  shall  lie  to  Her  Majesty  in  Council
on  the  question  without  further  leave.

Except  as  provided  in  this  section,  this  Constitution  shall  not  impair  any  right
which  the  Queen  may  be  pleased  to  exercise  by  virtue  of  Her  Royal  prerogative  to
‘  grant  special  leave  of  appeal  from  the  High  Court  to  Her  Majesty  in  council.  The
Parliament  may  make  laws  limiting  the  matters  in  which  such  leave  may  be  'asked,
but  proposed  laws  containing  any  such  limitations  shall  be  reserved  by  the  Governor-General
  for  Her  Majesty’s  pleasure.

75.  In  all  matters—  nu

(I.)  Arising  under  any  treaty:

(II.)  Affecting  consuls  or  other  representatives  of  other  countries:

(IIL.)  In  which  the  Commonwealth,  or  a  persone  suing  Or  being  sued  on  behalf
.of  the  Commonwealth  is  a  party: